Read each question, consider the options, then reveal the correct answer and explanation.
100 MCQs10 per page6 of 10
MCQ 51Federal Investigation Agency Act, 1974
Considering Sections 4(1), 4(2), and 7 together, who ultimately controls whether the Director-General's own statutory powers can be exercised by a subordinate member of the Agency?
The Federal Government, since it has overall superintendence
The Provincial Government concerned
No delegation of Director-General powers is ever possible under the Act
The Director-General personally, through a written delegation order under Section 7, since Section 4(2) vests administration (not superintendence) in him
Correct answerD — The Director-General personally, through a written delegation order under Section 7, since Section 4(2) vests administration (not superintendence) in him
Explanation
While the Federal Government retains overall superintendence under Section 4(1), Section 4(2) specifically vests the Agency's administration in the Director-General, and Section 7 gives him the personal, discretionary power to delegate 'all or any of his powers under this Act or the rules' to specified members by written order — meaning the decision to sub-delegate his own operational powers rests with the Director-General himself, not the Federal Government directly.
MCQ 52Bankers' Books Evidence Act, 1891
Which combination of sections would a competitive-exam candidate need to analyze together to correctly resolve a dispute over whether a bank can be forced to disclose a non-party customer's account details in unrelated litigation?
Section 4 alone, without reference to any other section
Sections 5 and 6, read together with the definitions in Section 2
Section 7 alone
Sections 1 and 3 only
Correct answerB — Sections 5 and 6, read together with the definitions in Section 2
Explanation
Resolving such a dispute requires understanding the definitional scope of 'legal proceeding,' 'the Court,' and 'Judge' (Section 2); the general non-compellability protection for non-party banks (Section 5); and the specific court-supervised mechanism (Section 6) by which, notwithstanding that general protection, a party can still obtain an inspection or production order for special cause — the three provisions operate as an integrated scheme rather than in isolation.
MCQ 53Banks (nationalization) Act, 1974
Under Section 5(6)(a), if up to forty-nine percent of a bank's shares are sold under the Federal Government's disposal power, what is the effect?
The bank's deposit guarantee under Section 5(4) is automatically revoked
Nothing changes; the Act continues to apply in full regardless of the sale
The application of the Act's other provisions to that bank stands suspended for such period and on such terms as the Federal Government specifies by Gazette notification
The bank is automatically dissolved
Correct answerC — The application of the Act's other provisions to that bank stands suspended for such period and on such terms as the Federal Government specifies by Gazette notification
Explanation
Section 5(6)(a) (as amended, substituting 'forty-nine' via Act IV of 2007) provides that where 'upto forty-nine [percent]' of shares are sold, 'the application of the provisions of this Act, other than this sub-section, to such bank shall stand suspended for such period, and on such terms, as the Federal Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, specify' — a partial, temporary carve-out from the Act's continuing application as privatization progresses.
MCQ 54Drugs Act, 1976
Under Section 7(8), how are single-ingredient drugs and compound drugs generally registered, respectively?
Both types registered exclusively by proprietary/brand names
Registration naming convention is left entirely to manufacturer discretion
Both types registered exclusively by generic names
Single-ingredient drugs by their generic names; compound drugs by their proprietary names
Correct answerD — Single-ingredient drugs by their generic names; compound drugs by their proprietary names
Explanation
Section 7(8) provides: 'Single-ingredient drugs shall be registered generally by their generic names while compound drugs shall be registered generally by their proprietary names,' with the accompanying Explanation clarifying that single-ingredient drugs contain one active ingredient while compound drugs contain more than one — a naming convention promoting transparency for simple drugs while accommodating the branding needs of complex multi-ingredient formulations.
MCQ 55Banks (nationalization) Act, 1974
Comparing Section 5(6)/Section 5A (privatization-enabling provisions) with the Act's original 1974 purpose, what broader legislative trend do these later insertions reflect?
The insertions were purely technical and had no policy significance
A policy reversal, whereby a statute originally designed to nationalize banks was progressively amended (1990s onward) to enable and facilitate the reverse process of privatization
No change in policy; the Act has always focused solely on nationalization with no privatization mechanism
The insertions applied only to foreign-owned banks, not domestic ones
Correct answerB — A policy reversal, whereby a statute originally designed to nationalize banks was progressively amended (1990s onward) to enable and facilitate the reverse process of privatization
Explanation
The Act's evolution — from an original 1974 purpose of compulsory nationalization, through amendments in 1990-1991 (Sections 5(6), 5A, 5B) explicitly enabling share sales and management transfer back to private hands — illustrates a striking legislative reversal reflecting Pakistan's broader shift toward economic liberalization and bank privatization policies in the 1990s, even while the Act retained its original nationalization-era title and structural framework.
MCQ 56Copyright Ordinance, 1962
Under Section 16, if a person is bequeathed the manuscript of an unpublished literary, dramatic, or musical work, what is presumed regarding copyright, absent contrary intention in the will?
The manuscript passes without any copyright, which instead passes to the testator's other heirs
Copyright automatically terminates upon the testator's death
The bequest is construed as including the copyright in the work, to the extent the testator owned it immediately before death
The bequest is void unless the copyright is separately and explicitly mentioned
Correct answerC — The bequest is construed as including the copyright in the work, to the extent the testator owned it immediately before death
Explanation
Section 16 creates a presumption favoring the manuscript-beneficiary: absent contrary intention indicated in the will or codicil, a bequest of an unpublished work's manuscript 'shall... be construed as including the copyright in the work in so far as the testator was the owner of the copyright immediately before his death' — avoiding an awkward split between physical manuscript ownership and copyright ownership unless the testator clearly intended such a split.
MCQ 57Drugs Act, 1976
Under Section 6, who regulates the sale of drugs within Pakistan, in contrast to the federal regulation of import/export under Section 4?
The Central Licensing Board
The Federal Government exclusively
The Provincial Governments
The State Bank of Pakistan
Correct answerC — The Provincial Governments
Explanation
Section 6 provides: 'The Provincial Governments shall regulate the sale of drugs in the prescribed manner and may for that purpose make such orders, and issue such directions to the importers, manufacturers, stockists, retailers or other dealers of drugs, as they may deem fit' — reflecting a deliberate federal/provincial division of regulatory labor, with cross-border import/export at the federal level and domestic retail/wholesale sale at the provincial level.
MCQ 58Copyright Ordinance, 1962
Under Section 78, the Registrar and Board possess which court's powers when trying matters under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908?
No court-equivalent powers; they operate purely administratively
The powers of a civil court trying a suit
The powers of a criminal court trying a summary offence
The powers of the Supreme Court exclusively
Correct answerB — The powers of a civil court trying a suit
Explanation
Section 78 grants the Registrar and Board specific civil-court-equivalent powers — summoning/enforcing witness attendance and examination on oath, requiring document discovery/production, receiving affidavit evidence, issuing examination commissions, requisitioning public records, and other prescribed procedural matters — necessary for them to effectively conduct their quasi-judicial functions (e.g., registration disputes, licence applications, fee objections).
MCQ 59Bankers' Books Evidence Act, 1891
Under Section 2(8), what must a 'certified copy' of an entry in a bank's books contain, in addition to the copy of the entry itself?
Approval from the State Bank of Pakistan
A certificate at the foot of the copy, dated and subscribed by the principal accountant or manager, confirming it is a true copy made in the ordinary course of business and that the book remains in the bank's custody
The signature of the customer whose account is recorded
A notarized affidavit sworn before a magistrate
Correct answerB — A certificate at the foot of the copy, dated and subscribed by the principal accountant or manager, confirming it is a true copy made in the ordinary course of business and that the book remains in the bank's custody
Explanation
Section 2(8) sets out precise requirements for a 'certified copy': it must be a copy of the entry together with a certificate at its foot stating (i) it is a true copy of the entry, (ii) the entry is in one of the bank's ordinary books, (iii) it was made in the usual and ordinary course of business, and (iv) the book is still in the bank's custody — the certificate being dated and subscribed by the principal accountant or manager with name and official title.
MCQ 60Copyright Ordinance, 1962
Under Section 3(3), inserted by Ordinance LIII of 2000, what is the scope of copyright entitlement in a compilation of data?
Entitlement extends only to the compilation itself, not to the underlying data or material, without prejudice to any copyright subsisting in that underlying data/material
Entitlement extends to both the compilation and all underlying data automatically
Copyright in a compilation always belongs to the Federal Government
No copyright can ever subsist in a compilation of data
Correct answerA — Entitlement extends only to the compilation itself, not to the underlying data or material, without prejudice to any copyright subsisting in that underlying data/material
Explanation
Section 3(3) clarifies an important limitation: 'Entitlement to copyright in compilation of data or other material shall not extend to data or other material itself and shall be without prejudice to any copyright subsisting in the data or other material, that is to say, the copyright shall subsist to the extent of compilation only' — protecting the compiler's creative selection/arrangement effort while preserving any separate rights in the constituent data.
