Read each question, consider the options, then reveal the correct answer and explanation.
100 MCQs10 per page5 of 10
MCQ 41Drugs Act, 1976
Under Section 7(1), who is responsible for registering all drugs, and through what body?
The Federal Government, through a Registration Board consisting of prescribed persons with prescribed qualifications
The Central Licensing Board handles registration directly with no separate board
Each Provincial Government independently maintains its own drug registry
Registration is voluntary and left to individual manufacturers
Correct answerA — The Federal Government, through a Registration Board consisting of prescribed persons with prescribed qualifications
Explanation
Section 7(1) provides: 'The Federal Government shall cause all drugs to be registered in accordance with such conditions and procedure as may be prescribed and for that purpose set in [set up] a Registration Board, consisting of such number of persons, possessing such qualifications, as may be prescribed' — establishing a dedicated, federally-constituted board distinct from the Central Licensing Board, focused specifically on the substantive registration/approval of individual drugs.
MCQ 42Copyright Ordinance, 1962
How does the compulsory licensing scheme in Sections 36-37 reflect a policy balance between copyright owner control and public access?
It eliminates copyright owner control entirely once a work has been published once
It applies automatically to all works without any application or Board determination process
It allows the Board to override an owner's refusal to republish/translate a work under specific, narrowly defined conditions (unreasonable withholding, unlocatable owner, or public-interest textbook needs), while still requiring compensation and due process (hearing opportunity) for the owner
It gives the Board unlimited power to seize any copyright at any time without any owner protection whatsoever
Correct answerC — It allows the Board to override an owner's refusal to republish/translate a work under specific, narrowly defined conditions (unreasonable withholding, unlocatable owner, or public-interest textbook needs), while still requiring compensation and due process (hearing opportunity) for the owner
Explanation
Sections 36 and 37 exemplify a calibrated policy compromise: copyright owners generally retain full control over republication/translation decisions, but where that control is being exercised in a way that genuinely withholds a work from legitimate public access (through unreasonable refusal, unlocatability, or specific public-interest textbook needs), a structured, compensated, due-process-respecting override mechanism exists — never an unconditional or automatic taking of rights.
MCQ 43Banks (nationalization) Act, 1974
Under Section 5(6), added by the Finance Act, 1990, what power did the Federal Government (or a Federal Government-owned corporation) acquire regarding its bank shareholdings?
The power to permanently freeze all share transactions
The power to sell all or any of its shares in the capital of a bank (other than the State Bank) to such persons and on such terms as it may determine
The power to convert bank shares into government bonds automatically
The power to transfer shares only to foreign governments
Correct answerB — The power to sell all or any of its shares in the capital of a bank (other than the State Bank) to such persons and on such terms as it may determine
Explanation
Section 5(6), added by the Finance Act, 1990 (7 of 1990), s. 14, marks the beginning of the Act's later privatization-enabling provisions: 'The Federal Government or a corporation owned or controlled by the Federal Government may, from time to time, sell all or any of its shares in the capital of a bank, other than the State Bank, to such persons, and on such terms and conditions, as it may determine' — a striking policy reversal from the Act's original 1974 nationalizing purpose.
MCQ 44Drugs Act, 1976
Under Section 3(zb), what distinguishes a 'spurious drug' from a 'counterfeit drug' as separately defined in Section 3(f)?
'Spurious drug' applies only to imported drugs, while 'counterfeit drug' applies only to domestically manufactured drugs
'Spurious drug' focuses on the drug's actual identity/content being falsely represented (e.g., missing active ingredient, false manufacturer claim, wrong product sold under a particular name), while 'counterfeit drug' focuses specifically on deceptive label/packaging imitation of another manufacturer's product
'Counterfeit drug' is a broader category that fully subsumes 'spurious drug'
The two terms are perfect synonyms with no meaningful distinction
Correct answerB — 'Spurious drug' focuses on the drug's actual identity/content being falsely represented (e.g., missing active ingredient, false manufacturer claim, wrong product sold under a particular name), while 'counterfeit drug' focuses specifically on deceptive label/packaging imitation of another manufacturer's product
Explanation
While related, these are distinct statutory concepts: Section 3(zb) defines 'spurious drug' around substantive misrepresentation — lacking the claimed active ingredient, falsely claiming a manufacturer/origin, being sold under a different drug's name, or bearing a fictitious manufacturer's name — whereas Section 3(f)'s 'counterfeit drug' definition is narrower, focused specifically on label/packaging that imitates another manufacturer's product to deceive purchasers as to source.
MCQ 45Federal Investigation Agency Act, 1974
Under the Schedule, FIA jurisdiction over offences under the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 (entry 21) is expressly limited to cases meeting which condition(s)?
Only cases involving foreign nationals
All Anti-Terrorism Act cases without any limitation
Only cases arising in Islamabad Capital Territory
Cases having inter-provincial scope, or cases entrusted to the Agency by the Federal Government
Correct answerD — Cases having inter-provincial scope, or cases entrusted to the Agency by the Federal Government
Explanation
Schedule entry [21] specifically qualifies FIA jurisdiction over Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 offences 'to the extent of dealing with cases which: [1] have Inter-provincial scope, or [2] are entrusted to the Agency by the Federal Government' — a deliberately narrow carve-out reflecting that ordinary anti-terrorism enforcement generally remains with police and other specialized counter-terrorism bodies, with FIA involvement reserved for cross-provincial or specially assigned matters.
MCQ 46Drugs Act, 1976
Under Section 11(5)(e), inserted by Ordinance 128 of 2002, what specific function does the Provincial Quality Control Board perform regarding corporate offenders?
To ascertain the names of directors, partners, and employees prima facie responsible for an offence and allow an Inspector to prosecute only such persons
To dissolve the offending company entirely
To automatically imprison all directors regardless of individual culpability
To transfer the case to a foreign jurisdiction
Correct answerA — To ascertain the names of directors, partners, and employees prima facie responsible for an offence and allow an Inspector to prosecute only such persons
Explanation
Section 11(5)(e) provides: 'to ascertain the names of such directors, partners and employees of the company, corporation, firms or institution who are prima facie responsible for the commission of any offence under this Act or the rules and allow an inspector to institute prosecution only against such persons' — a targeted-liability screening function, ensuring prosecution is directed at individually culpable persons rather than the entire corporate structure indiscriminately.
MCQ 47Copyright Ordinance, 1962
Under Section 64(1), what remedy is specifically UNAVAILABLE regarding an infringing building or structure whose construction has already commenced?
An injunction to restrain construction, or an order for its demolition
All remedies are unavailable; the copyright owner has no recourse whatsoever
Monetary damages, which remain fully available
Account of profits, which remains fully available
Correct answerA — An injunction to restrain construction, or an order for its demolition
Explanation
Section 64(1) reflects a practical, proportionality-based policy judgment: once physical construction of a building has begun, courts will not order the drastic, wasteful remedy of halting construction or demolishing a structure over a copyright dispute (likely relating to the underlying architectural drawings) — though other remedies (like damages) presumably remain available, and Section 64(2) similarly exempts such construction from Section 63's property-deeming provision.
MCQ 48Banks (nationalization) Act, 1974
Section 5A, inserted by the Banks (Nationalization) (Third Amendment) Act, 1991, grants the Federal Government power to do what, beyond mere share sales?
Sell shares AND transfer management and control of a bank (other than the State Bank) to such persons and on such terms as it determines
Dissolve any bank without compensation to remaining shareholders
Only sell shares, with management remaining under the original Board
Only transfer management, without any accompanying share sale
Correct answerA — Sell shares AND transfer management and control of a bank (other than the State Bank) to such persons and on such terms as it determines
Explanation
Section 5A(1) expands on Section 5(6) by empowering the Federal Government (or a Federal Government-owned corporation) to, notwithstanding anything in the Act or any other law, 'sell all or any of its shares in the capital of a bank and transfer management and control of a bank other than the State Bank, to such persons, and on such terms and conditions, as the Federal Government may determine' — combining ownership divestment with an explicit transfer of managerial control.
MCQ 49Federal Investigation Agency Act, 1974
Which section's language most directly supports the proposition that FIA members are functionally assimilated into the existing framework of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, rather than operating under an entirely separate procedural code?
Section 8, dealing with indemnity
Section 1(3), dealing with commencement
Section 5(1), which grants Agency members the same powers, duties, privileges, and liabilities as Provincial Police officers 'in relation to the investigation of offences under the Code or any other law'
Section 2(h), defining 'rules'
Correct answerC — Section 5(1), which grants Agency members the same powers, duties, privileges, and liabilities as Provincial Police officers 'in relation to the investigation of offences under the Code or any other law'
Explanation
Section 5(1)'s language deliberately borrows the existing Provincial Police framework under the Code of Criminal Procedure, rather than creating a wholly new procedural system — Agency members exercise 'such powers... and such duties, privileges and liabilities as the officers of a Provincial Police have in relation to the investigation of offences under the Code,' integrating FIA investigations into the established criminal procedure architecture rather than displacing it.
MCQ 50Banks (nationalization) Act, 1974
Under Section 16(a), what is declared, for the removal of doubts, regarding a bank's assets and liabilities existing immediately before the commencing day?
All bank liabilities are extinguished upon nationalization
All bank assets automatically transfer to the Federal Government directly, bypassing the bank itself
The bank's assets and liabilities become the personal property of the Board members
All assets, rights, and property continue to vest in the bank, and all borrowings, liabilities and obligations continue to be those of the bank, unless other provisions are made for their discharge
Correct answerD — All assets, rights, and property continue to vest in the bank, and all borrowings, liabilities and obligations continue to be those of the bank, unless other provisions are made for their discharge
Explanation
Section 16(a) clarifies that despite the change in ownership, the bank as a corporate entity continues to hold its own assets and owe its own liabilities: 'all assets, rights, powers, authorities and privileges and all property... shall continue to vest in that bank, and all borrowings, liabilities... and obligations of a bank of whatever kind subsisting immediately before the commencing day shall... continue to be the borrowings, liabilities and obligations of that bank.'
